Diapositives de la Uvic Universitat de Vic Universitat Central de Catalunya sobre Nutrició i Esport Femení. El Pdf explora els factors culturals, socials i biològics, les diferències fisiològiques i anatòmiques entre homes i dones en l'esport, la fisiologia de l'exercici en la dona, incloent canvis hormonals, cicle menstrual, embaràs i menopausa, i la salut i prevenció en l'esport femení, amb focus en TCA i prevenció de lesions òssies i musculars. Aquest material de Ciències és útil per a estudiants universitaris.
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La practica esportiva masculina i femenina és igual?
JUEGOS OLÍMPICOS
París 2024, primeros Juegos Olímpicos con paridad total entre hombres y mujeres: ¿ cuántos participan?
Los Juegos Olímpicos París 2024 marcarán un hito, ya que 124 años más tarde, se conseguirá la ansiada paridad de participación entre hombres y mujeres.
UVIC UNIVERSITAT DE VIC UNIVERSITAT CENTRAL DE CATALUNYA Nom assignatura Títol del document4
1877 "The question of rest for women during menstruation" by Mary Putnam Jacobi
Aquest estudi estableix que l'activitat física pot limitar la capacitat reproductiva de les dones i perjudicar la seva salut. Es va restringir l'accés a les dones a la majoria d'activitats esportives organitzades que incloien esports d'alta intensitat
UVIC UNIVERSITAT DE VIC UNIVERSITAT CENTRAL DE CATALUNYA Nom assignatura Títol del documentJOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY OF SPORTS NUTRITION 2023, VOL. 20, NO. 1, 2204066 https://doi.org/10.1080/15502783.2023.2204066 Taylor & Francis Taylor & Francis Group a OPEN ACCESS Check for updates 5
Stacy T. Sims Da, Chad M. Kerksick Db, Abbie E. Smith-Ryan K. Janse de Jonge Dd, Katie R. Hirsch De, Shawn M. Arent (De, Susan M. Kleiner (D9, Erik Bustilloh, Jaime L. Tartar', Valerie G. Richard B. Kreider (D), Casey Greenwaltk, Liliana I. Renteríak, N Trisha A. VanDusseldorp DI,m, Bill I. Campbell (D", Douglas S. and Jose Antonio iDP
Fins al 2023, només 400 articles publicats sobre el tema
UVIC UNIVERSITAT DE VIC UNIVERSITAT CENTRAL DE CATALUNYA M.D., entitled "The question of rest for women during menstruation" [7]. The assumptions made from these early writings are still prevalent today that physical activity might impair reproductive function and harm the health of females. Thus, females were restricted from most organized, high intensity physical activity and sport. The study of the female menstrual cycle as it relates to sport performance began in earnest in 1953 and, as of today, ~400 studies on this topic have since been published [8]. Compared to males, the scientific design around the menstrual cycle has been deemed "complex" thus has been an obstacle to developing and funding high numbers of research studies. Yet, despite the obvious endocrinological differences between the sexes and the growing interest in menstrual cycle-specific research [9], exercise science and nutrition research continue to generalize results from male data to women [10]. Recent guidelines have been published on the scientific design and methodology relevant to the study of women's exercise performance and nutrition [1,2,11]. Critically, these guidelines provide recommendations on the conditions under which female sex hormones need to be considered [1,8,11]. This, along with women's increased individual interest in approaching peak mental and physical performance has resulted in a growing body of research that addresses these issues across the lifespan [12,13]. The aim of this position stand is to review this research and provide practical evidence-based female-specific recommendations for sport nutrition.6
Entrenar de la mateixa manera a homes i dones es l'esport és la millor estratégia?
No hi sabem, però hi ha diferències anatomiques i fisiologiques entre homes i dones i aquestes afecten de manera directa a l'entrenament
Necessitem professionals qualificats per a poder entendre què constitueix un entrenament òptim per a les atletes
UVIC UNIVERSITAT DE VIC UNIVERSITAT CENTRAL DE CATALUNYA Nom assignatura Títol del document7
"Just as the pediatric-aged athlete is not a mini- adult athlete, female athletes are not just smaller male athletes"
Margo L. Mountjoy (2015)
UVIC UNIVERSITAT DE VIC UNIVERSITAT CENTRAL DE CATALUNYA Nom assignatura Títol del document8
Physical characteristic Aerobic capacity (VO2max) M > F Blood volume M > F Body fat percent F > M Bone mineral density M > F Flexibility F > M Muscle strength M > F Thermoregulation F =M
Hi ha una limitació important en el coneixement cientific en aquest ambit
Font: Mountjoy, M; 2015.
UVIC UNIVERSITAT DE VIC UNIVERSITAT CENTRAL DE CATALUNYA Nom assignatura Títol del document9
Això és degut a que:
UVIC UNIVERSITAT DE VIC UNIVERSITAT CENTRAL DE CATALUNYA Nom assignatura Títol del document10
UVIC UNIVERSITAT DE VIC UNIVERSITAT CENTRAL DE CATALUNYA Nom assignatura Títol del document11
UVIC UNIVERSITAT DE VIC UNIVERSITAT CENTRAL DE CATALUNYA Nom assignatura Títol del document12
UVIC UNIVERSITAT DE VIC UNIVERSITAT CENTRAL DE CATALUNYA13
UVIC UNIVERSITAT DE VIC UNIVERSITAT CENTRAL DE CATALUNYA Nom assignatura Títol del document14
UVIC UNIVERSITAT DE VIC UNIVERSITAT CENTRAL DE CATALUNYA Nom assignatura Títol del document15
UVIC UNIVERSITAT DE VIC UNIVERSITAT CENTRAL DE CATALUNYA Nom assignatura Títol del document16
UVIC UNIVERSITAT DE VIC UNIVERSITAT CENTRAL DE CATALUNYA Nom assignatura Títol del document17
Per poder valorar la situació de cada esportista cal que coneguem quina és la seva situació respecte a la menstruació:
O H H H H
UVIC UNIVERSITAT DE VIC UNIVERSITAT CENTR Nom assignatura Títol del documentTable 7.1 Questions to elicit menstrual history of an adolescent How old were you when you had your first period? Do you remember more specifically? - [prompting] Was it winter or summer? Were you closer to 12 or 13 or somewhere in between? Do you write down the dates of your periods? Do your periods come about once a month? Have you ever skipped a month? What is the longest you have gone without a period? How many days do your periods typically last? Would you describe your periods as light, medium, or heavy? Do you typically use tampons or pads? Have you ever used tampons? Do you regularly use tampons? Any difficulty in using tampons? On a typical day, how many times a day do you have to change a tampon or a pad? Think about from the time you get up in the morning, the number of times you change at school, and then the number of times you change after you get home from school. If bleeding described as heavy: Do you ever have accidents? Messing up panties or clothes or sheets? Can you go all night without getting up to change? Do you ever have to wear a tampon and a pad together? Do you have cramps or pain with your periods? Primary dysmenorrhea is suggested by onset cramps with the onset of bleeding or slightly before; worst pain day 1 or 2, pain that typically is not severe throughout the bleeding Do you have any other symptoms with your periods? Headaches? Bloating? Breast tenderness? Anything else? Do you miss school or have to change your plans because of your periods? Is it because of how heavy they are? Is it because of pain? Is it because of other symptoms? Source: Reproduced with permission from Adams Hillard (2008). 18