EU as an International Security Actor, Juk Presentation

EU as a Security Actor

What are you
afraid of?
Slido #2290540EU - what kind
of security
actor?

• According to the Realists
• According to the Liberals
• According to the Constructivists

Historical Considerations

1947 - Treaty of Dunkirk (FR and UK)
1948 - Treaty of Brussels (FR, UK and BENELUX) - The
Western Union
1949 - The Washington Treaty and the creation of NATO
- 1952 - European Defence Community -
the first initiative to include (West) Germany
1954 - Modified Brussels Treaty - Western European Union -
Germany and Italy included, NATO's primacy
- 1960 and 1962 - The Fouchet plans
1966 - France leaves NATO's military structures

Post-Cold War Revival

• The (FR-UK) Saint Malo summit (1998) - green light for
  ESDP
• The Nice Treaty (2001) - Enhanced cooperation,
  ESDP new institutions - the Political and Security Committee -
  PSC, the European Union Military Committee - EUMC,
  the European Union Military Staff - EUMS

EU-NATO Relationship

Reactivation of WEU and the 1992 petersberg tasks and the
FAWEU

• The ESDI concept
• WEU as a European military branch of NATO
• creation of the Combined Joint Task Force
  for autonomous European operations
• Separable but not separate assets
  NATO's New Strategic Concept and enlargement
  Madeline Albright's 3Ds
• The 2003 Berlin plus agreements with NATO

The Lisbon Reform

• Solidarity clause and Mutual defense clause
• Petersberg Tasks
  - European Defence Agency
  Permanent structured cooperation (PESCO)

EU Security and Defence Engagement Around the World

Ongoing Military Missions/Operations

EUPOL COPPS
cupied Palestinian Territory
EUPM
EUBAM
Moldova
Moldova and Ukraine
Since 2006
Since 2023
Since 2005
EUMAM
EUAM
Ukraine
Ukraine
nce 2022
Since 2014
EUMM
O
Georgia
Since 2008
EUM
NAVFOR
ED IRINI
EULEX
Kosovo
EUBAM RAFAH
Armenia
Since 2023
9 ongoing military Missions/Operations
nce 2020
Since 2008
Occupied Palestinian Territory
Since 2005
*2RACC
ncc 2017
EUBAM
Libya
EUAM
Traq
ce 2013
Since 2017
AP SAHEL
Mali
Since 2014
EU NAVFOR
Atalanta
Since 2008
LAP SAHEL
Niger
EUTM
Somalia
Since 2010
Since 2012
EUTM
EUMPM
Niger
Mozambique
Since 2021
EUCAP
Since 2023
EUAM RCA
Somalia
Since 2012
EUTM RCA
Central African Republic
Central African Republic
Since 2020
Since 2016

Ongoing Civilian Missions

13 ongoing civilian Missions
Integrated Approach:
EU security and defence actions are deployed
and implemented in concert with other EU tools
and instruments to achieve strategic impact.
Objectives:
Peace-keeping, conflict prevention,
strengthening international security.
Supporting the rule of law, prevention
of human trafficking and piracy,
contributing to maritime security.
providing military equipment and
security infrastructure to EU partners.
** The Raggiunal Advisory and Coordination Cell is a CSDP action which fackitabes EU Support to security
and defence cooperation amongst G5 Sahel countries (Mauritania, Mali, Burkina-Faso. Niger and Chod).
Mission is not managed within CSDP structures, but its objectives
ry similar to the other Missions, so we include it here

• Military Missions/Operations
• Civilian Missions
  European Peace Facility
  assistance measures
  Coordinated Maritime Presences
  EUFOR ALTHEA
  Bosnia Herzegovina
  Since 2004
  O
  EUTM
  Mali
  Since 2013

Capabilities vs. Expectations

35 CSDP missions

• Decision-making
  Operational planning (CPCC)
• Intelligence
• Deployability
• Defence budgets
  Battle Groups

PESCO Projects

Project name	Abbr.	Belgium	Bulgaria	Croatia	Czech ReF	Estonia	Finland	France	Germany	Greece	Hungary	Ireland	Latvia	Lithuania	Luxembour	Netherland	Poland	Portugal	Romania	Slovakia	Slovenia	Spain	Sweden	P + P+O	Austria
European Medical Command	EMC	N	N	N	N	N	N	N	N	N	N	P	N	N	L	N	N	N	N	N	N	N	N	O	N	2	4
European Secure Software-defined Radio	ESSOR	N	P	N	N	N	O	P	N	N	P	N	P	N	N	P	N	P	P	N	P	P	9	12
Network of logistic Hubs in Europe and support to Operations	N/A	N	P	P	P	P	N	N	N	O	L	P	P	N	P	N	N	N	P	N	P	P	N	P	24	25
European Union Training Mission Competence Centre	EU TMCC	P	P	N	P	N	P	N	N	L	L	N	N	P	L	N	N	P	P	N	P	P	N	O	L	14	15
Energy Operational Function	EOF	N	P	N	O	N	N	N	N	L	0	N	N	O	P	N	N	N	O	N	O	N	N	N	P	N	4	9
Deployable Military Disaster Relief Capability Package	?	P	N	O	N	P	N	N	N	N	N	P	N	N	L	N	N	N	N	N	N	N	P	N	5	8
Maritime (Semi-) Autonomous Systems for Mine Countermeasures	MAS MCM	N	L	N	N	N	N	O	N	0	N	P	N	P	N	N	N	P	N	P	P	N	N	O	N	6	10
Harbour & Maritime Surveillance and Protection	HARMSPRO	N	O	N	N	N	N	N	N	N	N	P	N	P	L	N	N	N	O	N	P	N	N	N	N	4	6
Upgrade of Maritime Surveillance	?	N	N	P	P	P	N	N	N	N	N	L	N	P	P	N	N	N	N	N	O	N	N	N	P	N	7	8
Cyber Threats and Incident Response Information Sharing Platform	CTISP	P	O	N	P	N	N	O	O	N	O	L	P	N	P	N	O	N	N	N	P	N	N	O	P	N	7	14
Cyber Rapid Response Teams and Mutual Assistance in Cyber Security	?	N	O	N	N	P	N	O	P	O	O	N	N	N	N	L	N	P	N	N	P	N	O	P	N	7	12
Strategic Command and Control (C2) System for CSDP Missions and Operations	?	N	N	N	N	N	N	N	N	N	N	P	N	N	N	P	N	N	O	N	N	P	N	N	N	L	N	4	5
Armoured Infantry Fighting Vehicle / Amphibious Assault Vehicle / Light Armoured Vehicle	?	N	N	N	N	N	O	N	N	N	N	P	O	N	L	N	N	N	N	N	O	N	P	N	O	N	3	7
EuroArtillery	N	N	O	N	N	O	N	N	N	N	N	O	N	P	N	N	N	N	N	O	N	O	O	N	2	7
EUFOR Crisis Response Operation Core	CROC	N	O	N	P	N	0	N	N	L	L	N	N	N	L	N	N	N	N	N	O	N	N	O	N	5	7
N/A	P	P	P	P	P	P	P	P	P	L	P	P	P	P	P	L	P	P	P	P	P	P	13	14

10+25A400
« Volga-Dnepr
AH-124-100-
Michal FrancrykEW
A
EUFOR
UA 03328NATO HO