Diapositivas de Universidad sobre Estratigrafía. El Pdf explora los conceptos fundamentales de la estratigrafía, con un enfoque en la litoestratigrafía, incluyendo la definición de formaciones geológicas, grupos y supergrupos, y los criterios para distinguir unidades estratigráficas en Ciencias.
Ver más58 páginas


Visualiza gratis el PDF completo
Regístrate para acceder al documento completo y transformarlo con la IA.
6 Pb-9974 TI T2 Estratigrafía T2 Conceptos básicos, foco a la Litoestratigrafía 10 cm TI Facies T1 y T2 de la Formación Trinidad sobre el arroy ocalidad 11). La facies T1 consiste en arenisca arcillosa ncluye una capa de arenisca mediana-gruesa y otra de are a. Lodolita Litofacies D Limolita 12 m Arenisca gruesa Conglomerado Caliza 5 Pb-9973 Litofacies C 15 m Pedernal 4 Pb-9972 17 m 3 Pb-9971 Litofacies A 20 m 2 Pb-9970 - Pb-9969 Fm. Soyatal Méndez
Figura 2. Sección estratigráfica en el cerro El Morro de la localidad tipo de la Formación El Morro (64 m), se divide en cuatro litofacies, la (A) litofaci de avalancha de rocas de 20 m, (B) litofacies de bloques soportados en una matriz de 17 m, (C) soportados entre si, con bloques estratificados horizontal de 15 m, y (D) clastos soportados entre si, con gradación inversa de 12 m.¿Qué es la estratigrafía?
Stratigraphic Categories Principal Stratigraphic Unit-terms Lithostratigraphic Group Formation Member Bed(s), Flow(s) Unconformity-bounded Synthem Biostratigraphic Biozones: Lineage zones Range zones Interval zones Assemblage zones Abundance zones Other kinds of biozones Magnetostratigraphic polarity Polarity zone Other (informal) stratigraphic categories (mineralogic, stable isotope, environmental, seismic, etc.) -zone (with appropriate prefix) Equivalent Geochronologic Units Chronostratigraphic Eonothem Erathem System Series Subseries Stage Substage Eon Era (Chronozone) (Chron) Period Epoch Subepoch Age Subage
Eon - Today Hadean 13% Phanerozoic 12% Phanerozoic -541 Ma Precambrian Proterozoic - -2.5 Ga Archean Archean 33% Proterozoic 42% - 4.0 Ga Hadean - 4.54 Ga
Tiempo Geológico · Geocronología · Cronostratigrafía La Formación Río Damas (Chile central) es una sucesión volcano- sedimentaria que forma parte del sistema Jurásico generadas por un arco volcánico durante el Periodo Jurásico
Geochronological units (intervals of time measured in years) Chronostratigraphic units (material units defined by the ages of the rocks within them) Eons (e.g. Phanerozoic Eon) Eras (e.g. Cenozoic Era) Periods (e.g. Neogene Period) Epochs (e.g. Miocene Epoch) Ages Systems (e.g. Neogene System) Series (e.g. Miocene Series) Stages (e.g. Messinian Stage) Divisions into 'Early', 'Middle' and 'Late' Divisions into 'Lower', 'Middle' and 'Upper'
GSSP 2004
Las Cuevas Section B Section A 1200 m 900 m Litoestratigrafía Conglomerates Conglomerates, sandstones and mudstones Breccias 600 m Vaca Muerta Fm. Tordillo Fm. AAAAAAAA Auquilco Fm.
W Rio Salado Arroyo Rahue Bardas Blancas Arroyo Loncoche Cuesta del 4 Chihuido « Cara Cura Barremian CS-13 ? CS-12 Upper Agrio Avilé Mb. Fm. Hauterivian CS-10 Middle Mendoza Subgroup CS-8 Lower Agrio Chachao Fm. Fm. CS-7 Valanginian CS-6 Lindero de Piedra Fm. Lower Mendoza Subgroup CS-5 CS-4 Vaca Berriasian Muerta CS-3 -Fm. CS-2 Tithonian CS-1 Tordillo Fm. 50 m Outer to middle ramp mudstones, marlstones and limestones 0 6 km Shallow ramp bioclastic limestones Litostratigraphic subdivision of the Mendoza Group in the Southern Mendoza area, showing the location of the studied sections (Kietzmann et al., 2020) References Fluvial and eolian sandstones Shallow marine sandstones E Upper Mendoza Subgroup CS-11 CS-9
'Layer-cake' stratigraphy Stratigraphic relations around a reef or similar structure reef
Body fossils Tree stump Bioherm (coral, stromatolite) Sedimentary structures Normally graded beds Cross-stratification Stable orientation of convex shells Geopetal structures Trace fossils Tracks and trails Burrows Included fragments (rip-up clasts) Mudcracks Scours Wave ripple crests Weathered surface
an erosional surface separates sedimentary rocks (yellow) from older sedimentary rocks (blue) disconformity sedimentary rocks (yellow) overlying crystalline (non-sedimentary) rocks (pink) nonconformity flat-lying sedimentary rocks overlying tilted sedimentary rocks angular unconformity there is no visible gap in time but ages above and below the paraconformity (often determined by fossils) indicate a gap in time paraconformity
2 billion year gap in the rock record Cambrian Flathead Sandstone Precambrian Granite Gneiss and Schist Tapeats Sandstone Grand Canyon Supergroup Vishnu Schist Nassir Alnaji, 2001
Sorinally graded askosic debris flow Unconformity weatherd shale Highly metamorphosed shale
Cross-cutting relationships dyke batholith 1 5 -1
Included fragments strata containing clasts eroded from an older bed older beds younger beds
Formación Debe tener continuidad lateral (ser cartografiables) Homogeneidad litológica Características definitorias pueden incluir composición mineralógica, textura, estructuras sedimentarias primarias en adición al contenido fósil
Geological maps of the three study areas along the Principal Cordillera of Chile between 35° and 36° S. a Tinguiririca valley (modified from Muñoz et al. 2018), b Valle Grande valley (modified from Tapia et al. 2015a), and c Maule valley (modified from Astaburuaga 2014). Red structures correspond to faults and folds with evidence of pre-Neogene activity. Thick black lines in (b), also signaled with numbers (1, 2), indicate the section measured in this study (1) and by Gonzalez and Vergara (1962) (2). The locations of the samples dated in this study are indicated in (b) and (c) (Tapia et al., 2020) 70 30 W 70 24 W 70 30 W (a) F W Nevado river TA11-03 -35°21's "Martinez creek Valle Grapsle tiver Chile Argentina -35°24'S Debía river O 2 4 km 70"45 W 70°40'W (c) Laguna W- Invernada S 35°45'S- Cipreses river Cha-32 La Mina Maule river Cha-35 35"09'S CHILE Lagunas del Teno ARGENTINA 0 5 km Colimapu Fm. Upper Cretaceous intrusive Quaternary unconsolidated deposits River/stream Thrust Baños del Flaco Fm. deposits volcanic sequences Anticline Coverd or infered structure Río Damas Fm. Plan de los Cenozoic intrusives International Nacientes del Teno Fm./ Valle Grande Fm. BRCU Miocene deposits Syncline border (b) Tinguiririca river Las Damas river TA11-17 2 34"57'S Termas deld! Flaco Sordo Lucas Colorado river Alto del Padre ET Baule fault 35 03'S Teno river El Fierro fault 35'50'S 10 km Paleogene Quaternary Yeuques Fm. de la