Slide da Università degli Studi di Torino su Performance Management e Leadership. Il Pdf esplora la leadership femminile, analizzando stereotipi di genere, gender gap e differenze con la leadership maschile, per delineare un nuovo modello manageriale in Economia.
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Performance Management & Leadership LA LEADERSHIP FEMMINILE Claudia Zoccali PhD Student in Business and Management University of Turin1
È la capacità di una persona all'interno di un'organizzazione o di un gruppo di incarnare e trasmettere VALORI che aiutano un team a sentirsi motivato a raggiungere determinati obiettivi Un leader è una persona che riesce a sviluppare un potere di influenza sugli altri. Niente di più, niente di meno Video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=D3RlxUbG8-0 1 Fonte: MAXWELL J. (2020), La cosa più importante per un leader. Come attrarre e coltivare nuovi leader, ROI Edizioni, Milano3
Credo che sia il retaggio di anni di film e libri in cui le donne non hanno un ruolo rilevante nell'ambito scientifico. Ci sono pochi film in cui il protagonista è un genio matematico-scientifico donna e molti in cui invece lo è un uomo ... Crescendo con questi film è normale che un bimbo aspiri a diventare Iron Man e che quindi scelga un percorso di studi ingegneristico molto più volentieri di una donna che, per ovvie ragioni, si riconosce meno in Iron Man. 50 47.3% 45.5% 45.5% 45.8% 45 40 Share of women (%) 35 30 26.1% 26.2% 26.5% 26.8% 25 20 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 Year Share of women in STEM workforce (%) - Share of women in non-STEM workforce (%) 1 Fonte: intervista a Nadia Giannuzzi (marketing manager presso Deliveristo), 2022 2 Fonte: World Economic Forum, 2024 46.1% 46.3% 46.9% 47.2% 47.4% 28.1% 28.2% 27.2% 27.7% 28.0%7
Il gender gap non è omogeneo: nell'istruzione e nell'ambito della salute c'è quasi la totale parità di genere, mentre c'è ancora molta strada da fare nella partecipazione economica e soprattutto politica REPRESENTATION IN THE CORPORATE PIPELINE BY GENDER AND RACE7 WOMEN MEN % of employees by level at the start of 2023 ENTRY LEVEL MANAGER SR. MANAGER/ DIRECTOR VP SVP C-SUITE WHITE MEN 34% 42% 48% 53% 58% 56% MEN OF COLOR 18% 18% 16% 14% 15% 15% WHITE WOMEN 29% 27% 27% 26% 21% WOMEN OF COLOR 18% 13% 9% 7% 7% 6% 2023 TOTAL WOMEN 48% 40% 36% 33% 27% 28% % CHANGE FROM 2015-2023 7% 8% 13% 22% 17% 65% % POINT CHANGE FROM 2015-2023 +3pp +3pp +4pp +6pp +4pp +11pp 2 Fonte: Mckinsey, Women in the Workplace, 2023 22%8
Il gender gap non è omogeneo: nell'istruzione e nell'ambito della salute c'è quasi la totale parità di genere, mentre c'è ancora molta strada da fare nella partecipazione economica e soprattutto politica The Global Gender Gap Index 68.5% Economic Participation and Opportunity subindex 60.5% Educational Attainment subindex 94.9% Health and Survival subindex 06.04% Political Empowerment subindex 22.54 25 50 75 100 Gender parity score (0-100%, 100%=parity) 3 Fonte: World Economic Forum, 20243. GENDER GAP & SALARY GENDER GAP 8
Score (mmparity = 0, purity = 1) Rank (out of 146 countries) Index Edition Italy 0.703 87th 2024 Global Gender Gap Index 2024 Edition Overview 2024 ¥ 2023 Italy score Index and Subindex Score Rank Score Rank : average score Global Gender Gap Index Economy 0.608 Economic Participation and Opportunity 0.608 111th 0.618 104th Educational Attainment 0.243 0.996 Education 0.967 Health Political Empowerment II 0.243 67th 0.241 64th Global Gender Gap Index Indicators 2024 Indicator Rank Score" Compare with ¡ Global average Difference F-M . Female vs . Male Min Max Economic Participation and Opportunity 111th 0.608 Labour-force participation rate % 96th 0.701 -17.39 40.69+ +58.08 0-100 Wage equality for similar work 1-7 (best) 95th 0.601 Estimated earned income int'l $ 1,000 108th 0.539 -26.73 31.26€ ¢ 57.99 0-150 Legislators, senior officials and managers % 102nd 0.38 -44.24 27.88% · 72.12 0-100 Professional and technical workers % 88th 0.868 -7.20 46.40€¢ 53.60 0-100 Access to finance Indicator 0-1 (Equal rights) Value Educational Attainment 56th 0.996 - - Access to financial services Equal rights Inheritance rights for widows and daughters Equal rights PhD graduates 0.39 0.44 0.41 Access to land assets Equal rights Access to non-land assets Equal rights Graduates from tertiary education 54.55 35.04 44.25 Civil and political freedom Indicator Unit Value Health Year women received right to vote year 1945 Indicator Unit Value Number of female heads of state to date number 1 Prevalence of gender violence in lifetime % women 4.00 Seats held in upper house % total seats 36.10 Births attended by skilled personnel % live births 99.80 Sex ratio at birth"" % 1st 0.944 . Political Empowerment 67th 0.243 - Women in parliament % 51st 0.477 -35.40 32.30¢ 67.70 0-100 Women in ministerial positions % 65th 0.333 -50.00 25.00¢ · 75.00 0-100 Years with female/male head of state (last 50) 62nd 0.028 -47.28 1.36¢ · 48.64 0-50 C Min Max 1 n. a. n. a. n. a. Information & Comm. Technologies n. a. n. a. n. a. Workers employed part-time % of employed people 49.49 23.03 34.19 Natural Sci., Mathematics & Statistics 57.95 42.05 1.38 Proportion of time spent on unpaid domestic and care work % 20.40 8.40 n. a. Social Sci., Journalism & Information 71.43 28.57 2.50 Graduates Attainment % . Female · Male Parity Vocational training 15.63 25.60 20.81 Literacy rate % 64th 0.997 . Enrolment in primary education % 82nd 0.998 -0.17 98.324 98.49 0-100 Enrolment in secondary education % 98th 0.987 -1.34 101.64+ 102.98 0-200 Enrolment in tertiary education % 1st 1.000 23.54 60.07+ + 83.61 0-200 Health and Survival 94th 0.967 . - Access to justice Equal rights Freedom of movement Equal rights "Scores are on a 0 to 1 scale, where 1 represents the optimal situation or "parity". Please see Appendix A and B for detailed methodology, definitions, sources and periods. "For all indicators, except the two health indicators, parity is benchmarked at 1. In the case of sex ratio at birth, the gender parity benchmark is set at 0.944 (see Klasen and Wink, 2003). In the case of healthy life expectancy the gender parity benchmark is set at 1.06, given women's longer life expectancy. 3 Fonte: World Economic Forum, 2024
Score 0.703 Rank 87th Page 2 of 2 Complementary Targets and Contextual Indicators 2024 General indicators Family and care Indicator Unit Value Unmet family planning % women 15-49 n. a. GDP per capita, PPP constant '17, intl. $ 1000 44.29 Early marriage % 0.20 Population sex ratio female/male, % 1.05 Mean age of women at birth of first child years 31.60 Indicator 0-1 (Equal rights) Value Indicator Million people · Female · Male Value Total population 30.20 28.74 58.94 Work participation and leadership Length of paid parental leave 150.00 14.00 0 Indicator Unit Value Education and skills Graduates % Female · Male Value Share of women's membership in boards % (OECD countries only) 42.60 n. a. n. a. n. a. Firms with female majority ownership % firms 11.50 Firms with female top managers % firms 15.30 Indicator 1-7 (best) Value Advancement of women to leadership roles 4.30 71.17 28.83 2.47 Indicator Milion people · Female · Male Value Labour-force 10.15 13.47 23.63 Indicator Unit Female · Male Value Education 93.34 6.66 14.01 Share of workers in informal sector % workers 9.75 10.43 10.14 Engineering, Manuf. & Construction n. a. n. a. n. a. Unemployed adults % of labour force (15-64) 9.48 7.28 8.23 Agri., Forestry, Fisheries & Veterinary 50.36 49.64 1.01 Arts & Humanities Business, Admin. & Law n. a. n. a. n. a. Right to divorce Equal rights Indicator Shared days · Female · Male Value 0.996 56th 0.995 60th Health and Survival 0.967 94th 0.967 95th Healthy life expectancy"" years 105th 1.020 Election list quotas for women, national Party membership quotas, voluntary Yes Total fertility rate births por woman 1.25 Yes Indicator 0-1 (Equal rights) Value Indicator 0-1 (Equal rights) Value Reproductive autonomy Equal rights Indicator Unit Value GDP US$ billions 2,049.74 0.703 87th 0.705 79th Population growth rate % -0.33 Politics Gender wage gap % (OECD countries only) 3.29 STEM Maternal mortality deaths per 100,000 live births 5.00 Indicator Yes/No Value - Health & Welfare