Pain in Oro Facial District: Odontalgia, Università di Parma

Apparato Stomatognatico

DENTAL HYGIENE : MORPHOLOGY AND FUNCTION STOMATOGNATHIC APPARATUS

Dolore nel Distretto Oro Facciale

PAIN IN ORO FACIAL DISTRICT: ODONTALGIA TAS UDIORUA

Prof. Paolo Vescovi

Prof. Paolo Vescovi DDS, PhD, MSc, Spec Oral Surgery CITAS . STUD UDIORU PARMENSIC UNIVERSITÀ DI PARMA Full Professor in Odontostomatologic Diseases Director European Master Degree in Oral Laser Applications (EMDOLA ) Director School of Speciality in Oral Surgery University of Parma MA · UNIVERSIT Dasser and · PARMENSIS UNIVERSITÀ DI PARMA

EMDOLA: European Master Degree in Oral Laser Applications

EMDOLA European Master Degree in Oral Laser Applicationslo picccb BOTTEGA degli ORRORI la piccola DVD Il eniamesso di un negozio di feri ha allevato une nuova stram pianta, Audrey Junior. Ma il vegetale, parlante. prospere solo se nutrito da sanguc unano. E lo pretende dal garzone. killer sao malgrado. In cambio arrive lo notorietà. e gli affari del proprietario (che sa tutto) vanno a gonfie vele. ORRORI di Roger Corman EXTRE · Audio italiane 5.1 · Audio originale inglese · Sottotitoli in italiano · Schede di approfondimento Jonathan Haze, Jickæ Jese;o, Mel Welles, TICS MOIet JICH MICROHOM, MyITIE VZNI oprutra crane: B. Grmit (by - Roger Corman produchone floper Comar ye la Fingroup USA 1500 less delle schede di approfondimento pone a curs di Macsino Mente eoss Sitrbeto 9/ Keret escheti LUX VIDE Saul 15: da Eleu Miltimeda / Sine Vide Italia & &L. AUDIO VOLD REGIONE SOTTOTIKET DVD T FILE PER TUTTI 8 027253 001181 Un cuit firmato Roger Corman cen Mel Welles ed an medito Jack Nicholson 3

Il Maratoneta

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La Piccola Bottega degli Orrori

la pissob BOTTEGA degli ORRORI BOTTEGA degli Il giovane sta per ricevere un premio di orticoltura. quando la pianta ormai gigantesca geopre le facee delle vittime. La polizia lo insegue ms lui, armato di coltello. si getta nelle fauci del mostruoso padrone.DENNIS CORBIN BERNSEN THE DENTIIS BRACE YOURSELF 2 5

Professionisti Coinvolti nel Dolore

PAIN ISTOLOGI PSICHIATRI IMMUNOLOLOGI ANATOMICI PATOLOLOGI BIOLOGI DERMATOLOLOGI CITOLOGI FISIOLOGI FARMACOLOGI PSICOLOGI CHIRURGHI OTORINOLARINGOIATRI VETERINARI

Nervo Trigemino

*Sensory root Motor root Luorimal N. Semilunar Ganglios Zygomatic N. Marillar A1 N. EXTERNES Ant Auriculotemporal_/ nerve Dorsum of Tongue, Mental · trigeminal nerve is the largest of the cranial nerves. Its name derives from the fact that it has three major branches: the ophthalmic nerve (V1), the maxillary nerve (V2), and the mandibular nerve (V3). The ophthalmic and maxillary nerves are purely sensory. The mandibular nerve has both sensory and motor functions. 1

Divisioni del Nervo Trigemino

LAGRIMAL N. LAMIGAREA R SUPRATRODIILCAR N .- SUPRAORBITAL.N. A NERVES DIVISIONS) TEMPORAL BR. OF TENPORC-MALAR INFRATROCHLEAR MY L MALAR BR. OF TEMPORO- MALAR NASAL NERVE INFRAORBITAL NERVE AURICULO-TEMPORAL NERVE BUCCAL NERVE- MENTAL NERVE SUPERFICIAL EX (POSTERIOR PL CER CERVICAL

Distribuzione Cutanea del Nervo Trigemino

The areas of cutaneous distribution (dermatomes) of the three branches of the trigeminal nerve have sharp borders with relatively little overlap (unlike dermatomes in the rest of the body, which show considerable overlap). Injection of local anesthetics such as lidocaine results in the complete loss of sensation from well-defined areas of the face and mouth. For example, the teeth on one side of the jaw can be numbed by injecting the mandibular nerve.

Nervo Oftalmico

A Palpeorat.. The ophthalmic nerve carries sensory information from the scalp and forehead, the upper eyelid, the conjunctiva and cornea of the eye, the nose (including the tip of the nose), the nasal mucosa, the frontal sinuses, and parts of the meninges (the dura and blood vessels).

Nervo Mascellare

• The maxillary nerve carries sensory information from the lower eyelid and cheek, the nares and upper lip, the upper teeth and gums, the nasal mucosa, the palate and roof of the pharynx, the maxillary, ethmoid and sphenoid sinuses, and parts of the meninges.

Nervo Mandibolare

. The mandibular nerve carries sensory information from the lower lip, the lower teeth and gums, the chin and jaw (except the angle of the jaw, which is supplied by C2-C3), parts of the external ear, and parts of the meninges.

Anatomia del Nervo Mandibolare

Sensory root Motor root Lagrimal N. karelia jcomhatte N. EXTERNOS Auriculotemporal neres "Jafurier /tvroter Depaar dt ct buccal nerve mp ia 1 nmh The mandibular nerve carries touch/ position and pain/ temperature sensation from the mouth. It does not carry taste sensation, but one of its branches, the lingual nerve carries multiple types of nerve fibers that do not originate in the mandibular nerve.-racie cescool crYC rigernnol ganglion ATTENTION ! LOei ic alele Fax'atire moros ganglion Fa.ia He "ugopal stine ganglion Mard Qu'ar norve [\": Chor da . Ju pan Linqual ETve fil hrentih iler ganglion

Odontalgia: Definizione e Cause

ODONTALGIA A toothache, also known as odontalgia is an aching pain in or around a tooth. In most cases toothaches are caused by problems in the tooth or jaw, such as cavities, gum disease, the emergence of wisdom teeth, a cracked tooth, infected dental pulp, jaw disease, or exposed tooth root. Decay Gums Infected Pulp Bone Lateral Canals Abscess Periodontal Ligament Nerve Tissue

Condizioni Speciali di Odontalgia

ODONTALGIA · A special condition is barodontalgia, a dental pain evoked upon changes in barometric pressure, in otherwise asymptomatic but diseased teeth. • Atypical odontalgia is a form of toothache present in apparently normal teeth. The pain, generally dull, often moves from one tooth to another for a period of 4 months to several years. This is most commonly reported by middle-aged women. The cause of atypical odontalgia is not yet clear. (somatoform pain - oral discomfort - Burning Mouth Syndrome) ATTENTION ! 1

Odontalgia e Malattie Cardiache

· Causes of a toothache may also be a symptom of diseases of the heart, such as angina or a myocardial infarction (heart attack), due to referred pain. W, Ideye Tiny _Cervir al, supra:lavi:ul=r, and pre-a_ric_lar Allicry and wellura Med ast nal HI ar :Itinclea". onid =racial iflep .* de = enteric Paracorti : 1 + lia: >=pll:cal

Intensità del Dolore

PAIN INTENSITY . The severity of a toothache can range from a mild discomfort to excruciating pain, which can be experienced either chronically or sporadically.

Questionario del Dolore

pain questionnaire SCALA ANALOGICO-VISIVA (VAS) NESSUN DOLORE MASSIMO DOLORE IMMAGINABILE ANALOGO VERBALE: (0: nessun dolore- 10: massimo dolore immaginabile) Pain Present Index (PPT): 10: assente 1: lieve 12: moderato 3: forte 4: fortissimo 5: atroce

Scale di Valutazione del Dolore

VAS (Visual Analogue Scale) H NO PAIN 100 mm MAXIMUM IMAGINABLE PAIN PPI (Pain Present Index) · 0 ABSENT . 1 MILD · 2 MODERATE · 3 STRONG . 4 VERY STRONG · 5 ATROCIOUS VA (Verbal Analogue) from 1 to 10 (discomfort in relation to the minimum or maximum imaginable pain.) ATTENTION ! 11

Odontalgia: Aggravamento e Urgenza

ODONTALGIA This pain can often be aggravated somewhat by chewing or by hot or cold temperatures, Severe pain may be considered a DENTAL and MEDICAL EMERGENCY

Carie Dentale: Definizione e Diffusione

DENTAL CARIES • Dental caries, also known as tooth decay is a disease where bacterial processes damage hard tooth structure (enamel, dentin and cementum). These tissues progressively break down, producing dental cavities (holes in the teeth). · Today, caries remains one of the most common diseases throughout the world. Enamel Dentin Crown Pulp chamber Periodontal ligament Cementum Root canal I

Batteri Responsabili della Carie Dentale

DENTAL CARIES · Two groups of bacteria are responsible for initiating caries, Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacilli. 1

Carie Dentale e Batteri: Placca

.€DENTAL CARIES and BACTERIA · Bacteria collect around the teeth and gums in a sticky, creamy- coloured mass called plaque, which serves as a biofilm. Some sites collect plaque more commonly than others. . The grooves on the biting surfaces of molar and premolar teeth provide microscopic retention, as does the point of contact between teeth. Plaque may also collect along the gingiva. Lactobacillus acidophilus, Actinomyces viscosus, Nocardia spp, and Streptococcus mutans are most closely associated with caries, particularly root caries. Pit and fissure cavity Plaque Smooth surface cavity Plaque Root cavity 1

Carie Dentale e Batteri: Processo di Demineralizzazione

DENTAL CARIES and BACTERIA · Tooth decay is caused by specific types of acid-producing bacteria which cause damage in the presence of fermentable carbohydrates such as sucrose, fructose, and glucose. The mineral content of teeth is sensitive to increases in acidity from the production of lactic acid. • When the pH at the surface of the tooth drops below 5.5, demineralization proceeds faster than remineralization (i.e. there is a net loss of mineral structure on the tooth's surface). This results in the ensuing decay. Bacteria + food and drink containing sugar Acid Caries

Segni e Sintomi della Carie Dentale: Carie dello Smalto

SIGNS and SYMPTOMS of DENTAL CARIES : enamel caries · The earliest sign of a new carious lesion is the appearance of a chalky white spot on the surface of the tooth, indicating an area of demineralization of enamel. This is referred to as incipient decay. As the lesion continues to demineralize, it can turn brown but will eventually turn into a cavitation ("cavity"). . These lesions are asymptomatic Eramal Decay

Carie Incipiente

SIGNS and SYMPTOMS of DENTAL CARIES : enamel caries . This is referred to as incipient decay. As the lesion continues to demineralize, it can turn brown but will eventually turn into a cavitation ("cavity"). 13

Segni e Sintomi della Carie Dentale: Carie della Dentina

SIGNS and SYMPTOMS of DENTAL CARIES: dentin caries · As the enamel and dentin are destroyed, the cavity becomes more noticeable. bartin Decar 1 T > A B C D

Alterazioni Cromatiche e Consistenza

SIGNS and SYMPTOMS of DENTAL CARIES: dentin caries · The affected areas of the tooth change color and become soft to the touch. c

Esposizione dei Tubuli Dentinali

SIGNS and SYMPTOMS of DENTAL CARIES: dentin caries . Once the decay passes through enamel, the dentinal tubules, which have passages to the nerve of the tooth, become exposed and cause the tooth to hurt. . The pain may worsen with exposure to heat, cold, or sweet foods and drinks. Dental caries can also cause bad breath and foul tastes.

Stadi di Sviluppo della Carie Dentale e Sintomi

THE DEVELOPMENT STAGES OF DENTAL CARIES and SYMPTOMS a. Enamel caries: No pain b. Dentine caries : maybe sensitive to hot, cold and sweet foods/drinks and eating hard things; there may be pain c. Pulp involved: severe continuous or throbbing pain d. Abscess: deep acute pain which may disappear after a while. 0 a. Eranel caries E. Dentine caties C 0 OD 10 0 c. Pulp involved d. Abscess