Chapter 8 Guides: Anatomical and Linear Guides for Internal Structures

Anatomical Guides

Anatomical Guide Definitions

Anatomical Guide - a descriptive reference for locating arteries and veins by means of anatomical structures which are known. Linear Guide - A line drawn or visualized on the surface of the skin to represent the approximate location of some deeper-lying structure.Anatomical limits - Points of origin and points of termination in relation to adjacent structures; used to designate the boundaries of arteries.

Common Carotid Artery

Common Carotid Artery Linear Guide

Linear Guide - draw or visualize a line on the surface of the skin from a point over the respective sternoclavicular articulation to a point over the anterior surface of the base of the respective earlobes.

Common Carotid Artery Anatomical Guide

Anatomical Guide - The right and the left common carotid arteries are located posterior to the medial border of the sternocleidomastoideole, on their respective sides of the neck Internal jugular vein External carotid artery Sternocleidomastoid Common carotid artery Subclavian artery

Common Carotid Artery Anatomical Limit

Anatomical Limit - The right common carotid begins at the level of the right sternoclavicular articulation and extends to the superior border of the thyroid cartilage. The left common carotid begins at the level of the second costal cartilage and extends to the superior border of the thyroid cartilage.

Right Common Carotid Anatomical Limits

Superior Border of the Thyroid Cartilage (Adam's Apple) Galea aponeurotica Temporalis Orbicularis oculi Masseter Orbicularis oris Common Carotid Sternocleidomastoid Platysma Pectoralis major Sternoclavicular Articulation Pectoralis minor Deltoid Internal intercostal Coracobrachialis Biceps brachii External intercostal

Left Common Carotid Anatomical Limits

Galea aponeurotica Temporalis Superior Border of the Thyroid Cartilage Adam's Apple) Orbicularis oculi Masseter Orbicularis oris Common Carotid Platysma Sternocleidomastoid Pectoralis major Second Costal Cartilage Pectoralis minor Deltoid Internal intercostal Biceps brachii Coracobrachialis External intercostal

Axillary Artery

Axillary Artery Linear Guide

Draw or visualize a line on the surface of the skin from a point over or through the center of the base of the axillary space to a point over or through the center of the lateral border of the base of the axillary space. This line is parallel to the long axis of the abducted arm. A C

Axillary Anatomical Guide

The axillary artery is located just behind the medial border of the coracobrachialis muscle. Portion sternal $200 Tanden of PEAT. MAJOR BRACH ITERCOSTALIS INTERNUS INTERCOSTALIS EXTERNUS NTERTO 7 th 8th Radius

Axillary Anatomical Limit

The axillary artery extends from a point beginning at the lateral border of the first rib and extends to the inferior border of the tendon of the teres major muscle - Occipitalis leidomastoid Dezius Teres major ; i

Brachial Artery

Brachial Artery Linear Guide

Linear Guide - draw or visualize a line on the surface of the skin from a point over the center of the lateral border of the base of the axillary space to a point approximately 1 inch below and in front of the elbow joint.

Brachial Artery Anatomical Guide

The brachial artery lies in the bicipital groove at the posterior margin of the medial border of the belly of the biceps brachii muscle STCTO.R.AVES LATIES, GONER Med. antibrach. cutan. nerve Biceps Brachii Muscle Radial nerve A. profunda brachii Sup. ulnar collateral artery Inf. ulnar collateral artery BRACHIO ADVA Galea aponeurotica Temporalis Orbicularis oculi Masseter Orbicularis oris Sternocl Platysma Pectoralis major F Deltoid Biceps brachii External oblique Brachioradialis Extensor carni

Brachial Artery Anatomical Limit

The brachial artery extends from a point beginning at the inferior border of the tendon of the teres major muscle and extends to a point inferior to the antecubital fossa Occipitalis Sternocleidomastoid Trapezius Deltoid Teres major spinatus ; brachii nus dorsi Antecubital fossa radialis ulnaris itorum Inaris lius us Adductor magnus

Radial Artery

Radial Artery Linear Guide

Draw or visualize a line on the surface of the skin of the forearm from the center of the antecubital fossa to the center of the base of the index finger. Galea aponeurotica Temporalis Orbicularis oculi Masseter Orbicularis oris Sternocleidon Platysma Pectoralis major Pector Deltoid - Interi Cora Biceps brachii Exter Serra External oblique Bra Brachioradialis Re Extensor carpi radialis longus - In F Flexor carpi radialis S Aponeurosis Sartorius Antecubital fossa Base of the Index Finger

Radial Artery Anatomical Guide

The radial artery lies just lateral to the tendon of the flexor carpiradialis muscle and just medial to the tendon of the brachioradialis muscle Galea aponeurotica Temporalis Orbicularis oculi Masseter Orbicularis oris Sternocleidon Platysma Pectoralis major Pector Deltoid Interi Biceps brachii Exter Serra External oblique Bra Brachioradialis Re Extensor carpi radialis longus - In F Flexor carpi radians S Aponeurosis Lateral to the Flexor carpi radialis muscle Sartorius Medial to the Brachioradialis muscle Coral

Radial Artery Anatomical Limit

The radial artery extends from a point approximately 1 inch below and in front of the bend of the elbow to a point over the base of the thumb (thenar eminence) Facial Left common carotid ght common carotid Subclavian Axillary 1 inch below and in front of the elbow Brachial Renal Jonadal Abdominal aorta thenar eminence ion iliac 1 iliac Ulnar iliac Radial stric) Deep palmar arch Superficial palmar arch Digital arteries of fingers

Ulnar Artery

Ulnar Artery Linear Guide

Draw or visualize a line on the surface of the skin from the center of the antecubital fossa on the forearm to a point between the fourth and fifth fingers Axillary artery Anterior and posterior circumflex humeral arteries Brachial artery Profunda brachii artery Radial artery Ulnar artery Deep palmar arch Superficial palmar arch Digital arteries

Ulnar Artery Anatomical Guide

The ulnar artery lies just lateral to the tendon of the flexor carpi ulnaris muscle. (It lies between the tendons of the flexor carpi ulnaris and the flexor digitorum superficialis) BRACHI LITKOR CARFT.RADIALIS BRACHIO-RADIALIS PALMARIS CONCUS

Ulnar Artery Anatomical Limit

The ulnar artery extends from a point approximately 1 inch below and in front of the bend of the elbow to a point over the pisiform bone (hypothenar eminence) Axillary artery Anterior and posterior circumflex humeral arteries Brachial artery Profunda brachii artery Radial artery Ulnar artery Deep palmar arch Superficial palmar arch Digital arteries

Femoral Artery

Femoral Artery Linear Guide

Draw or visualize a line on the surface of the skin of the thigh from the center of the inguinal ligament to the center of the medial prominence of the knee (medial condyle of the femur) S 1

Femoral Artery Anatomical Guide

The femoral artery passes through the center of the femoral triangle and is bounded laterally by the medial border of the sartorius muscle and medially by the adductor longus muscle. S 1 VI

Femoral Artery Anatomical Limit

The femoral artery extends from a point behind the center of the inguinal ligament to the opening in the adductor magnus muscle Anterior superior iliac spine Iliacus Psoas Femoral sheath Femoral nerve - Femoral artery - Femoral canal Profunda femoris artery Inguinal ligament Lateral femoral circumflex Pubic tubercle artery Femoral vein Medial femoral circumflex artery Adductor longus Sartorius Gracilis Rectus femoris Adductor magnus.

Popliteal Artery

Popliteal Artery Linear Guide

Draw or visualize a line on the surface of the skin from the center of the superior border of the popliteal space parallel to the long axis of the lower extremity to the center of the inferior border of the popliteal space. Femur Femoral epicondyles Patella Tibia

Popliteal Artery Anatomical Guide

The popliteal vessels are located between the popliteal surface of the femur and the oblique popliteal ligament. IS .S

Popliteal Artery Anatomical Limit

The popliteal artery extends from a point beginning at the opening of the adductor magnus muscle to the lower border of the popliteus muscle *Make sure you know* - The artery that extends from the adductor magnus muscle

Anterior Tibial Artery

Anterior Tibial Artery Linear Guide

Linear Guide Anterior Tibial Artery - Draw or visualize a line from the lateral border of the patella to the anterior surface of the ankle joint Popliteal artery Anterior tibial artery Peroneal artery Posterior tibial artery Dorsalis pedis artery Digital arteries

Anterior Tibial Artery Anatomical Guide

Anatomical Guide Anterior Tibial Artery - The anterior tibial vessels are located in a groove between the tibialis anterior muscle and the tendon of the extensor hallucis longus muscle S - ( -

Anterior Tibial Artery Anatomical Limit

Anatomical Limit The Anterior Tibial Artery extends from a point beginning at the inferior border of the popliteus muscle to a point in front of the middle of the ankle joint on the respective side: Popliteal artery Anterior tibial artery Peroneal artery Posterior tibial artery Dorsalis pedis artery Digital arteries

Posterior Tibial Artery

Posterior Tibial Artery Linear Guide

Linear Guide Posterior Tibial Artery - Draw or visualize a line on the surface of the skin from the center of the popliteal space to a point midway between the medial malleolus and the calcaneus bone. Popliteal artery Anterior tibial artery Peroneal artery Posterior tibial artery Dorsalis pedis artery Digital arteries

Posterior Tibial Artery Anatomical Guide

Anatomical Guide Posterior Tibial Artery - The posterior tibial vessels are located between the posterior border of the tibia and the calcaneus tendon Tibia Fibula Calcaneus

Posterior Tibial Artery Anatomical Limit

Anatomical Limit The Posterior Tibial Arte extends from a point beginning at the inferior border of the popliteus muscle to a point over & between the medial malleolus & the calcaneus of the respective foot Popliteal artery Anterior tibial artery Peroneal artery Posterior tibial artery Dorsalis pedis artery Digital arteries

Dorsalis Pedis Artery

Dorsalis Pedis Artery Location

Foot The Dorsalis Pedis Artery OIs situated in the interosseous spaces between the tendon of extensor hallucis longus and the first tendon of extensor digitorum longus as it passes to the second digit Popliteal artery Anterior tibial artery Peroneal artery Posterior tibial artery Dorsalis pedis artery Digital arteries