Slide dall'Università degli Studi di Firenze su Riabilitazione Neurologica: Lesioni midollari complete e incomplete. Il Pdf, un utile strumento didattico per l'Università, esplora gli standard internazionali per la classificazione neurologica delle lesioni del midollo spinale (ISNCSCI - ASIA) con esempi pratici di test dermatomiali.
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Corso di Laurea in Fisioterapia S Karol Riabilitazione Neurologica Modulo: Neuroriabilitazione "Lesioni midollari complete e incomplete" Docenti: Bandini Barbara (sedi Firenze - Pistoia) Martini Monica (sede Empoli)LOR FLO UNIVERSITAS UNIVERSITÀ DEGLI STUDI FIRENZE
Alla fine di questa attività sarai in grado di:
Copyright @ of ISCOS 2012, www.elearnsci.orgQuesto è il modulo utilizzato per valutare la perdita neurologica a seguito di LM Patient Name Date/Time of Exam ASIA AMERICAN SPINAL INJURY ASSOCIATION INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS FOR NEUROLOGICAL CLASSIFICATION OF SPINAL CORD INJURY (ISNCSCI) ISCOS Examiner Name Signature RIGHT MOTOR KEY MUSCLES SENSORY KEY SENSORY POINTS Light Touch (LTR) Pin Prick (PPR) SENSORY KEY SENSORY POINTS Light Touch (LTL] Pin Prick (PPL) MOTOR KEY MUSCLES LEFT C2 CX C2 C3 C3 C4 C4 Elbow flexors C5 C5 Elbow flexors UER (Upper Extremity Right) Wrist extensors C6 C6 Wrist extensors Elbow extensors C7 C7 Elbow extensors Finger flexors C8 C8 Finger Rexors Finger abductors (Atle finger) T1 T1 Finger abductors (little finger) T2 T2 MOTOR (SCORING ON REVERSE SIDE) Deriem T4 T5 T5 2 - Active movement, gravity eliminated T6 T6 3 = Active movement, against gravity T7 . 5 - Active movement, against fall assistance T8 T8 NT- Not lestrois 0", 1", 2*, 3", 4", NT* = Non-SCI condition present T9 T9 T10 T10 SENSORY (SCORING ON REVERSE SIDE) 52 2 = Normal condition prosent Hip flexors L2 L2 Hip flexors Knee extensors L3 L3 Knee extensors LEL Ankle dorsiflexors L4 L4 Ankle dorsiflexors (Lower Extremity Left) Long toe extensors L5 L5 Long foe extensors Ankle plantar flexors $1 S1 Ankle plantar flexors S2 S2 S3 S3 (VAC) Voluntary Anal Contraction (Yes/No) S4-5 S4-5 (DAP) Deep Anal Pressure (Yes/No) RIGHT TOTALS (MAXIMUM) (50) (56) (56) (56) (56) (50) MOTOR SUBSCORES SENSORY SUBSCORES UER +UEL = UEMS TOTAL LER + LEL = LEMS TOTAL LTR + LTL = LT TOTAL PPR + PPL = PP TOTAL MAX (25) (25) (50) MAX (25) (25) (50) MAX (56) (56) (112) MAX (56) (56) (112) NEUROLOGICAL LEVELS R 1 R 1 Steps 1-6 for classification as on reverse 1. SENSORY 2. MOTOR 3. NEUROLOGICAL LEVEL OF INJURY (NL) 4. COMPLETE OR INCOMPLETE? Incompiata = Any sensory or mator function lo S4-5 5. ASIA IMPAIRMENT SCALE (AIS) fle injuriva with aboust mofar Off sendery fanntion in 54-5 only) 6. ZONE OF PARTIAL SENSORY PRESERVATION Mast caudal level with any lecervat/an MOTOR Page 1/2 This form may be copied freely but should not be altered without permission from the American Spinal Injury Association. PEV 04/19 a . C4 12 . CH T4 . . . Comments (Non-Asy Muscle? Reason for NT? Pain? Non-SCI condition?): T3 T9 T3 . T4 0- Total paralos's TI 1 - Palpebis or visible contraction Pare T7 /93 L2 . Key Sensory Points 54-5 T11 T11 0 = Absont NT = Not festablo 0". 1", NT *= Non-SCI T12 T12 1 = Atovod L1 L1 . LER (Lower Extremity Right) LO 15 LEFT TOTALS (MAXIMUM) T12 . 4 = Active movement, agaist scese resistance UEL (Upper Extremity Left) Copyright @ of ISCOS 2012, www.elearnsci.org
Ci sono 2 serie di test chiave richiesti come parte della valutazione Questi sono:
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I risultati delle valutazioni motorie e sensitive vengono utilizzati per:
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I punti importanti sulla valutazione motoria sono:
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La scala standard per il test muscolare manuale a 6 punti è:
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Patient Position: The shoulder is in neutral rotation, adducted, and 90°of flexion. The elbow is fully flexed with the palm of the hand resting by the ear. Examiner Position: Support the upper arm. Instructions to Patient: "Straighten your arm." Action: The patient attempts to move through the full range of elbow extension.
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Patient Position: Same as grade 3, except the elbow is in 45° of flexion. Examiner Position: Support the upper arm. Grasp the wrist and apply resistance to the distal forearm in the direction of elbow flexion. Instructions to Patient: "Hold this position. Don't let me bend your elbow." Action: The patient resists the examiner's pressure and attempts to maintain the position of the elbow in 45° of flexion.
Patient Position: The shoulder is in internal rotation and adducted, with the forearm positioned above the abdomen. The forearm is in neutral pronation/supination. The elbow is fully flexed. When checking Grade 2, sufficient flexion of the shoulder must be permitted to allow the forearm to clear and move over the chest and abdomen. Examiner Position: Support the patient's arm. Instructions to Patient: "Straighten your arm." Action: The patient attempts to move through the full range of elbow extension. V
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Ecco un esempio di un clinico che esegue il test dei flessori del gomito (miotomo C5) · PT 0.3 Medical Essentials Asia_Screen6 from E Learn SCI on Vimeo
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DA C2 A C4 LIVELLO MOTORIO COINCIDE CON LIVELLO SENSITIVO DA C5 A T1 DA T2 A L1 LIVELLO MOTORIO DATO DAI MUSCOLI CHIAVE DA L2 A S1 DA S2 A S5
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Muscolo-chiave più caudale che da ambo i lati presenta forza normale (o 3 se tutti i muscoli al di sopra hanno valore 5) UER (Upper Extremity Right) C2 C3 C4 Elbow flexors C5 Wrist extensors C6 Elbow extensors C7 Finger flexors C8 Finger abductors (little finger) T1 Comments (Non-key Muscle? Reason for NT? Pain? Non-SCI condition?): T2 T3 T4 T5 T6 T7 T8 T9 T10 T11 T12 L1 L2 Hip flexors LER Knee extensors L3 (Lower Extremity Right) Ankle dorsiflexors L4 Long toe extensors L5 Ankle plantar flexors S1 S2 (VAC) Voluntary Anal Contraction S3 (Yes/No) S4-5 RIGHT TOTALS (MAXIMUM) (50) Copyright @ of ISCoS 2012, www.elearnsci.org
I punti importanti sulla valutazione sensitiva sono:
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C2 At least one cm lateral to the occipital protuberance at the base of the skull. Alternately, it can be located at least 3 cm behind the ear. C3 In the supraclavicular fossa, at the midclavicular line. C4 Over the acromioclavicular joint. C5 On the lateral (radial) side of the antecubital fossa just proximal to the elbow (see image below). C6 On the dorsal surface of the proximal phalanx of the thumb. C7 On the dorsal surface of the proximal phalanx of the middle finger. C8 On the dorsal surface of the proximal phalanx of the little finger. T1 On the medial (ulnar) side of the antecubital fossa, just proximal to the medial epicondyle of the humerus. T2 At the apex of the axilla. C2 C4 C3 C5 o T2 T1
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Ad esempio, le seguenti posizioni vengono utilizzate per testare il tocco leggero e la puntura di spillo per C6, C7 e C8 C8 C7 C6 PTX@ www.physiotherapyexercises.com
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Ecco un esempio di un medico che testa i dermatomi C2 e C3 per la sensazione di tocco leggero PT_0.3_Medical_Essentials_Asia_Screen9 from E Learn SCI on Vimeo
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Ecco un esempio di un medico che testa i dermatomi C2 e C3 per la sensazione di puntura di spillo PT 0.3 Medical Essentials ASIA Screen10 from E Learn SCI on Vimeo
Copyright @ of ISCOS 2012, www.elearnsci.org
Dermatomero più caudale con funzione sensitiva normale da ambo i lati SENSORY KEY SENSORY POINTS Light Touch (LTR) Pin Prick (PPR) C2 C2 C3 C4 C3 C3 LO . C4 V 1 T2 T3 C5 T4 T5 T6 T7 89 C6 T8 T3 Dorsum T10 T5 T6 T7 Palm . T8 S3 . Key Sensory Points T10 S4-5 T11 T12 L1 . .. - - L4 L 4 S1 L5 S2 S3 34-5 0) (56) (56) Copyright @ of ISCOS 2012, www.elearnsci.org